<h1 id="概览">概览
<h2 id="实例引入">实例引入

import requests
response = requests.get('https://www.baidu.com/')
print(type(response))
print(response.status_code)
print(type(response.text))
print(response.text)
print(response.cookies)

import requests
requests.post('http://httpbin.org/post')
requests.put('http://httpbin.org/put')
requests.delete('http://httpbin.org/delete')
requests.head('http://httpbin.org/get')
requests.options('http://httpbin.org/get')

import requests
response = requests.get('http://httpbin.org/get')
print(response.text)

import requests
response = requests.get('http://httpbin.org/get?name=jyx&age=18')
print(response.text)

import requests
param = {
    'name':'jyx','age':19
}
response = requests.get('http://httpbin.org/get',params=param)
print(response.text)

import requests
response = requests.get('http://httpbin.org/get')
# 获取响应内容
print(type(response.text))
# 如果响应内容是json,就将其转为json
print(response.json())
# 输出的是字典类型
print(type(response.json()))

import requests
response = requests.get('http://github.com/favicon.ico')
# str，bytes
print(type(response.text),type(response.content))
print(response.text)
# 二进制内容
print(response.content)
# 下载二进制数据到本地
with open('favicon.ico','wb') as f:
    f.write(response.content)
    f.close()
    

import requests
# 设置User-Agent浏览器信息
headers = {
    "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML,like Gecko) Chrome/57.0.2987.133 Safari/537.36"
}
response = requests.get('https://www.zhihu.com/explore',headers=headers)
print(response.text)

import requests
# 设置传入post表单信息
data= {
    'name':'jyx','age':18
}
# 设置请求头信息
headers = {
    "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML,like Gecko) Chrome/57.0.2987.133 Safari/537.36"
}
response = requests.post('http://httpbin.org/post',data=data,headers=headers)
print(response.text)

import requests
response = requests.get('http://www.jianshu.com/')
# 获取响应状态码
print(type(response.status_code),response.status_code)
# 获取响应头信息
print(type(response.headers),response.headers)
# 获取响应头中的cookies
print(type(response.cookies),response.cookies)
# 获取访问的url
print(type(response.url),response.url)
# 获取访问的历史记录
print(type(response.history),response.history)

import requests
response = requests.get('http://www.jianshu.com/404.html')
# 使用request内置的字母判断状态码
if not response.status_code == requests.codes.ok:
    print('404-1')
response = requests.get('http://www.jianshu.com')
if not response.status_code == 200:
    print('404-2')
    

100: ('continue',),101: ('switching_protocols',102: ('processing',103: ('checkpoint',122: ('uri_too_long','request_uri_too_long'),200: ('ok','okay','all_ok','all_okay','all_good','o/',''),201: ('created',202: ('accepted',203: ('non_authoritative_info','non_authoritative_information'),204: ('no_content',205: ('reset_content','reset'),206: ('partial_content','partial'),207: ('multi_status','multiple_status','multi_stati','multiple_stati'),208: ('already_reported',226: ('im_used',# Redirection.
300: ('multiple_choices',301: ('moved_permanently','moved','o-'),302: ('found',303: ('see_other','other'),304: ('not_modified',305: ('use_proxy',306: ('switch_proxy',307: ('temporary_redirect','temporary_moved','temporary'),308: ('permanent_redirect','resume_incomplete','resume',# These 2 to be removed in 3.0
Client Error.
400: ('bad_request','bad'),401: ('unauthorized',402: ('payment_required','payment'),403: ('forbidden',404: ('not_found','-o-'),405: ('method_not_allowed','not_allowed'),406: ('not_acceptable',407: ('proxy_authentication_required','proxy_auth','proxy_authentication'),408: ('request_timeout','timeout'),409: ('conflict',410: ('gone',411: ('length_required',412: ('precondition_failed','precondition'),413: ('request_entity_too_large',414: ('request_uri_too_large',415: ('unsupported_media_type','unsupported_media','media_type'),416: ('requested_range_not_satisfiable','requested_range','range_not_satisfiable'),417: ('expectation_failed',418: ('im_a_teapot','teapot','i_am_a_teapot'),421: ('misdirected_request',422: ('unprocessable_entity','unprocessable'),423: ('locked',424: ('failed_dependency','dependency'),425: ('unordered_collection','unordered'),426: ('upgrade_required','upgrade'),428: ('precondition_required',429: ('too_many_requests','too_many'),431: ('header_fields_too_large','fields_too_large'),444: ('no_response','none'),449: ('retry_with','retry'),450: ('blocked_by_windows_parental_controls','parental_controls'),451: ('unavailable_for_legal_reasons','legal_reasons'),499: ('client_closed_request',# Server Error.

500: ('internal_server_error','server_error','/o',''),501: ('not_implemented',502: ('bad_gateway',503: ('service_unavailable','unavailable'),504: ('gateway_timeout',505: ('http_version_not_supported','http_version'),506: ('variant_also_negotiates',507: ('insufficient_storage',509: ('bandwidth_limit_exceeded','bandwidth'),510: ('not_extended',511: ('network_authentication_required','network_auth','network_authentication'),

<h1 id="高级操作">高级操作

import requests
files = {
    'file':open('favicon.ico','rb')
}
response = requests.post('http://httpbin.org/post',files=files)
print(response.text)

import requests
response = requests.get('https://www.baidu.com')
print(response.cookies)
for key,value in response.cookies.items():
    print(key,'=====',value)
    

import requests
requests.get('http://httpbin.org/cookies/set/number/12456')
response = requests.get('http://httpbin.org/cookies')
print(response.text)

import requests
session = requests.session()
session.get('http://httpbin.org/cookies/set/number/12456')
response = session.get('http://httpbin.org/cookies')
print(response.text)

import requests
response = requests.get('https://www.12306.cn')
# 在请求https时，request会进行证书的验证，如果验证失败则会抛出异常
print(response.status_code)

import requests
# 关闭验证，但是仍然会报出证书警告
response = requests.get('https://www.12306.cn',verify=False)
print(response.status_code)

from requests.packages import urllib3
urllib3.disable_warnings()

response = requests.get('https://www.12306.cn',verify=False)

print(response.status_code)

<h3 id="手动设置证书">手动设置证书

import requests
response = requests.get('https://www.12306.cn',cert=('/path/server.crt','/path/key'))

print(response.status_code)

import requests
proxies = {

"http": "http://127.0.0.1:9743","https": "https://127.0.0.1:9743",}
response = requests.get("https://www.taobao.com",proxies=proxies)

print(response.status_code)

import requests
                        
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